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Porogaramu y'ibicuruzwa
Gukoresha uburyo bwo gucukura aloyi y'umuvuduko mwinshi mu rwego rw'amarobo afite ubwenge
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Inzu ihuriweho neza n'amarobo afite ubwenge
Ingingo z’imashini zikora ku bwenge, kimwe n’ingingo z’umubiri w’umuntu, zifite ibisabwa cyane ku bikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo koroshya no gutwara. Uburyo bwo gucukura hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi wa aluminiyumu butuma inzu y’imashini zuzura neza amazi ya aluminiyumu muri buri mfuruka nto y’imashini ikomeye mu gihe cyo gucukura. Urugero, inzu y’imashini ikora ku kuboko ya robo y’inganda ifite imigozi itandatu ifite ubugari bwa mm 3-5 gusa, ariko ishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko wa mm 50-100N・m, bitewe n’imiterere y’imashini icukura hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi. Mu gukora, tugenzura neza ubushyuhe kuri 660±5℃ kugira ngo imashini ya aluminiyumu ihuze neza n’imashini ifite umuvuduko mwinshi wa 100-150MPa, tukareba ko imiterere y’imashini igera kuri mm 0.1 kandi ubuso bwa Ra bugenzurwa muri 1.6μm, dushyiraho urufatiro rwo guteranya neza no gukora neza ibice bigize ingingo.
Inzu igabanya ibiciro
Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cyo kohereza, ubwiza bw'aho robot igabanya umuriro bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere myiza no ku guhagarara neza. Aho robot igabanya umuriro hakozwe na aluminiyumu ifite umuvuduko mwinshi wo gutwika ifite ubushobozi bwo guhagarara neza mu bushyuhe n'imiterere myiza ya mekanike. Fata urugero rw'aho robot igabanya umuriro. Nubwo ari nto, ifite imiterere igoye ifite amenyo meza yo gushyiramo imyobo imbere. Mu gihe cyo gutwika, dukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushushanya no gutunganya ibumba kugira ngo tugenzure impinduka z'aho robot iherereye muri 0.05mm munsi y'umuvuduko wa 80-120MPa. Muri icyo gihe, binyuze mu buryo bwihariye bwo gutunganya ubuso, ubushobozi bwo kwangirika kw'aho robot ikorera burarushaho kwiyongera, kandi uburyo bwo kohereza robot bwizewe mu gihe robot ikora ingendo nyinshi, ikiguzi cyo kuyibungabunga kiragabanuka, igihe cyo kuyikoresha kiragabanuka, kandi hatangwa garanti yizewe yo kohereza robot ifite ubwenge kugira ngo ikore neza.
Inzu y'abagenzuzi
Agakoresho k’igenzura ry’imashini y’ikoranabuhanga ntigagomba kurinda gusa ibice by’ikoranabuhanga by’imbere mu kirere bidafite ubuziranenge, ahubwo kagomba no kugira ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Agakoresho k’igenzura gakozwe mu cyuma gishyushya cyane gifite imbavu 10-15 zikwirakwiza ubushyuhe ku buryo bungana ku burebure bwa mm 150-200 binyuze mu buryo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi intera igenzurwa neza kuri mm 3-5. Iyo robo ikora ubushyuhe mu gihe cy’imikorere idahwema, ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa aluminiyumu (gutwara ubushyuhe bwa 100-200W/(m・K)) bushobora kohereza ubushyuhe vuba hejuru y’igikonoshwa, hanyuma bukagenzura ubushyuhe buri mu rwego rw’imikorere myiza y’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga (muri rusange bitarenze dogere 60°C) binyuze mu guhuza imbavu zitwara ubushyuhe n’umwuka. Muri icyo gihe, ubushobozi bwayo bwiza bwo kurinda amashanyarazi burinda ingaruka za electromagnetic kandi butuma igikoresho cy’igenzura gikomeza gukora neza, ari na cyo gikingira "ubwonko" bwiza bwa robo y’umuhanga.
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Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Q1: Ni gute wakwizeza ko ibice bya roboti bikozwe mu cyuma gishyushya cyane cya aluminiyumu biramba mu gihe bikoreshwa inshuro nyinshi?
A1: Dugenzura neza aho ibikoresho bituruka kandi tugahitamo aloyi nziza za aluminiyumu kugira ngo imbaraga zabyo zo gukurura zishobore kugera kuri 250-300MPa. Mu gihe cyo gucukura hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi, kugenzura neza ibipimo by'imikorere bituma imiterere y'imbere y'icyuma gicukura iba nini kandi bikagabanya inenge nk'imyenge n'ibice biyigize. Muri icyo gihe, binyuze mu kongera ubushyuhe, imbaraga z'imbere zirakurwaho kandi imbaraga z'umunaniro w'ibice biyigize zirushaho kunozwa. Mu ikoreshwa nyaryo, nyuma yo gupima, igishishwa cy'imashini ya robo gishobora gukomeza gukora neza munsi y'ingendo 10^7 zo gupakira, gihuye n'ibikenewe byo gukoresha inshuro nyinshi.
Ikibazo cya 2: Ese uburyo bwo gukora ibyuma bya robo bifite imiterere igoye bushobora kwemezwa?
A2: Birumvikana. Dukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukora ibumba n'ibikoresho byo gushushanya neza. Mu cyiciro cyo gushushanya ibumba, dukoresha isesengura rya mudasobwa kugira ngo twongere uburyo bwo gusuka no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'ibumba. Mu gihe cyo gushushanya, amazi ya aluminiyumu yujujwe neza mu mwobo w'ibumba ku muvuduko mwinshi no ku gitutu kinini binyuze mu gikoresho cyo guteramo neza, kugira ngo imiterere y'ibumba igere ku rwego rwa IT7-IT8, kandi imiterere y'ibice by'ingenzi igenzurwe muri ±0.05mm, byujuje neza ibisabwa mu guteranya neza kw'amarobo akoresha ubwenge ku bikoresho bifite ishusho igoye.
Q3: Ese ibice bya roboti bikozwe n'icyuma cya aluminiyumu gishyushye cyane gishobora kwangirika?
A3: Dufite ingamba zikwiye zo kurinda ibi. Mbere na mbere, hitamo ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bifite umwanda muto kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kwangirika. Nyuma yo gucukura, hazakorwa uburyo bwihariye bwo gutunganya ubuso nko gusiga amavuta kugira ngo hakorwe firime y’umusemburo wa okiside ifite ubugari bwa 10-25μm. Iyi firime ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika kandi ishobora kurwanya kwangirika nk'aside, alkali n'umunyu mu nganda. Nyuma yo gupima umunyu, firime zavuwe nta kwangirika kugaragara zari zifite ku buso mu gihe cy'amasaha 500, bigamije gutuma ibice bya roboti bikora neza mu gihe kirekire mu bihe bikomeye.
Q4: Ese igihe cyo gutanga ibikoresho bya roboti zicukurwamo umuvuduko mwinshi wa aluminum ni kirekire?
A4: Dufite inzira yo gukora ibintu igezweho kandi ikora neza kandi ifite uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa. Kuva ku byo abakiriya bakeneye kugeza ku gushushanya no gukora ibumba, kugeza ku gukora ibicuruzwa mu buryo bw’igerageza no kubikora ku bwinshi, buri sano ifitanye isano rya hafi. Ku bice byihariye bifite ingano n’imiterere bisanzwe, gutanga ibicuruzwa muri rusange bishobora kurangira mu byumweru 3-4; ku bice bikomeye kandi binini, igihe cyo gutanga ibicuruzwa ni ibyumweru 6-8 gusa. Muri icyo gihe, tuzakomeza kuvugana n’abakiriya mu buryo nyabwo, dutange ibitekerezo ku gihe ku iterambere ry’umusaruro, kandi tuzemeza ko imishinga y’abakiriya itera imbere neza.
Q5: Ese igiciro cy'ibice bya roboti bicukurwa mu cyuma gikozwe muri aluminiyumu kiri hejuru?
A5: Ukurikije inyungu z'igihe kirekire, inyungu ku giciro iragaragara. Nubwo ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho fatizo bya aluminiyumu kiri hejuru gato ugereranyije n'icya pulasitiki zimwe na zimwe zo mu ikoranabuhanga, uburyo bwo gucukura bukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi bushobora kugera ku gucukura hafi ya net, hamwe n'igipimo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho kugeza kuri 85% - 95%, bigabanyije amafaranga yo gutunganya nyuma. Muri icyo gihe, mu gihe cyo gukora ibintu byinshi, ikiguzi cyo gusangira ibumba kiragabanuka, kandi imikorere yo gucukura irahamye, bigabanura ikiguzi cyo kuvugurura no gusimbuza ibisigazwa biterwa n'ibibazo by'ubuziranenge. Ugereranyije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora, ikiguzi rusange gishobora kugabanukaho 20% - 30%, bigaha amasosiyete y'amaroboti y'ubwenge ibisubizo by'ibice bihendutse.